ASCA Glossary


AO
Announcement of Opportunity -- A particular round of guest observer proposals. "AO data" means data gathered after the initial PV phase.

ASCA
Advanced Satellite for Cosmology and Astrophysics -- the lastest Japanese X-ray satellite.

BRIGHT mode
A mode for the SIS detectors which groups the nine pixels around an event together. On-board software rejects some spurious events based on the pattern of excited pixels.

BRIGHT2 mode
A format for the SIS data in which FAINT mode data is converted to BRIGHT mode with an additional correction for dark frame error. This is done on the ground.

dark frame error
An error in SIS BRIGHT mode data due to fluctuations in the zero-level calibration of the CCDs.

dead time
The short time after an event when a detector cannot process another event.

detector coordinates
The coordinates of an event with respect to the GIS detector itself. Detector coordinates are useful for correcting for vignetting effects.

Euler angles
A set of three angles specifying the spacecraft's orientation.

FAINT mode
A mode for the SIS detectors which sends data from individual CCD pixels to the ground.

FITS
Flexible Image Transport System -- The standard file format used in astronomy. FITS files are machine independent and self-documenting.

FRF
First Reduction File -- The files containing raw information from the spacecraft in a format much like the one in which the information was sent to the ground. These are the initial files as received from Japan.

GIF
Graphics Interchange Format -- A bit map graphics file format which is in wide use.

GIS
Gas Imaging Spectrometer -- One of two types of detectors on-board ASCA. There are two of these referred to as "GIS2" and "GIS3".

hot and flickering pixels
Bad pixels in the SIS CCDs. Hot pixels give a constant false signal. Flickering pixels give false signals intermittently.

MPC mode
A mode for the GIS which optimizes timing information but discards event position information except for a simple on target/off target mask. Since the detector gain is position dependent, there is as yet no good way to analyze data taken in this mode.

PH mode
The usual observing mode of the GIS. In this mode, the position of each possibly valid event is telemetered to the ground.

PV
Performance Verification -- The initial data gathering phase of the mission where data was gathered to test the spacecraft's capabilities.

roll angle
The additional "twisting" degree of freedom for the spacecraft pointing in a particular direction.

SIS
Solid-state Imaging Spectrometer -- One of two types of detector on-board ASCA. This one uses CCDs to detect X-ray photons. There are two such detectors referred to as "SIS0" and "SIS1".

superframe
A unit of raw telemetered data from the spacecraft.