MARKARIAN2 - Markarian Galaxies Optical Database

Overview

A database for the entire Markarian (First Byurakan Spectral Sky Survey or FBS) Catalog is presented that combines extensive new measurements of their optical parameters with a literature and database search. The measurements were made using images extracted from the STScI Digitized Sky Survey (DSS) of F_pg (red) and J_pg (blue) band photographic sky survey plates obtained by the Palomar and UK Schmidt telescopes. The authors provide accurate coordinates, morphological type, spectral and activity classes, red and blue apparent magnitudes, apparent diameters, axial ratios, and position angles, as well as number counts of neighboring objects in a circle of radius 50 kpc. Special attention was paid to the individual descriptions of the galaxies in the original Markarian lists, which clarified many cases of misidentifications of the objects, particularly among interacting systems, larger galaxies with knots of star formation, possible stars, and cases of stars projected on galaxies. The total number of individual Markarian objects in the database is now 1544. The authors also have included redshifts which are now available for 1524 of the objectswith UV-excess radiation, as well as Galactic color excess E(B-V) values and their 2MASS or DENIS infrared magnitudes. The table also includes extensive notes that summarize information about the membership of Markarian galaxies in different systems of galaxies and about new and revised activity classes and redshifts.

The new optical information on Markarian galaxies was obtained from images extracted from the STScI Digitized Sky Survey (DSS) of F_pg (red) and J_pg (blue) band photographic sky survey plates obtained by the Palomar and UK Schmidt telescopes.

Catalog Bibcode

2007ApJS..170...33P

References

Markarian galaxies. I. The optical database and atlas.
    Petrosian A., McLean B., Allen R.J., MacKenty J.W.
   <Astrophys. J. Suppl. Ser., 170, 33-70 (2007)>
   =2007ApJS..170...33P

Provenance

This table was created by the HEASARC in November 2009 based on the electronic version of the optical database of Markarian galaxies which was obtained from the CDS (their catalog J/ApJS/170/33 file table1.dat).

Parameters

Source_Number
A unique identification number for each Markarian/FBS object, as it appears in the original list.

Galaxy_Component
The specific galaxy or component, if there are confusing objects. For objects newly added to the database, tha authors have added an "a" or "b" letter designation (e.g., Mrk 799a and 799b). In all cases, the eastern galaxy or component is labeled "a," and the western galaxy or component with "b." There are three duplications in the lists: Mrk 107 is the same object as Mrk 20, Mrk 1318 is Mrk 49, and Mrk 890 is Mrk 503.

Name
The FBS/Markarian galaxy source designation recommended by the Dictionary of Nomenclature of Celestial Objects, using the prefix of 'Mrk' the source_number value, and the galaxy_component value (if present). Many sources still use the prefix of 'Mkn' to refer to these objects.

RA
The Right Ascension of the FBS/Markarian galaxy in the selected equinox. This was given in J2000.0 equatorial coordinates to a precision of 0.01 seconds of time in the original version of this table.

Dec
The Declination of the FBS/Markarian galaxy in the selected equinox. This was given in J2000.0 equatorial coordinates to a precision of 0.1 arcseconds in the original version of this table.

LII
The Galactic Longitude of the FBS/Markarian galaxy.

BII
The Galactic Latitude of the FBS/Markarian galaxy.

Morph_Type
The morphological description of the galaxy. The numerical coding used here for the morphological description of the galaxies is a slightly modified and simplified version of the morphological types T given in the RC3 catalog. The following codes were used:

  E = -5;
  E/S0 = -3;
  S0 = -2;
  S0/a = 0;
  Sa = 1;
  Sab = 2;
  Sb = 3;
  Sbc = 4;
  Sc = 5;
  Scd = 6;
  Sd = 7;
  Sdm = 8;
  Sm = 9;
  Im = 10;
  Im/BCD = 11;
  BCD/Im = 12;
  BCD = 13;
  Compact = 14;
  Interacting system or Merger = 15;
  H II region = 16.

Morph_Type_Remarks
This parameter contains additional morphology remarks, such as the presence of a bar (marked by 'B'), a star (by 'St'), etc.

Markarian_Type
The spectral classification of the Markarian object according to Markarian et al. (1989,SoSAO, 62, 5, the HEASARC's MARKARIAN table). For newly added Markarian objects, spectral classifications are from the descriptions of these objects in the original Markarian lists. According to the ADC documentation for the original version of the FBS/Markarian Catalog: "The four basic types (s, sd, ds, and d) describe the general appearance of the spectrum on the Schmidt plate, ranging respectively from sharp to diffuse. Next is a code for the strength of the ultraviolet continuum, with 1 being the brightest and 3 the least bright. This part of the scheme changed over the course of the survey: originally, 1 meant "strong" and 2 "moderate," with an intermediate classification of 12 (Mrk galaxies 1-70). The codes 1, 2, and 3 imply similarity to stellar spectral types O-B0, B1-B3, and B5-B8, respectively. At the end of the 'spectral' type there may appear an 'E' for emission lines or an 'E:' for possible emission lines."

Galaxy_Type
The activity class of the Markarian object, when available, and the description of the spectra according to Markarian et al. (1989). The various Seyfert classes are denoted by the symbols 'Sy1', 'Sy1.5', 'Sy1.8', 'Sy1.9', and 'Sy2'. The symbol 'Sy3' refers to LINERs. Starburst nuclei are indicated by 'SB' and galaxies with Wolf-Rayet features in their spectra are indicated with the symbol 'WR'. QSOs, BL Lacertae objects, and Galactic stars (isolated or projected on the galaxies) are also identified. New determinations and revised AGN classes are included and described in the source_notes parameter.

Redshift
The heliocentric redshift of the Markarian object when available. New determinations and revised redshifts are included and described in the source_notes parameter.

Jpg_Mag_Major_Axis
The major axis of the Markarian object as measured on the J_pg (blue) plate, in arcseconds.

Fpg_Mag_Major_Axis
The major axis of the Markarian object as measured on the F_pg (red) plate, in arcseconds.

Jpg_Mag_Axial_Ratio
The ratio of the minor axis to the major axis of the Markarian object as measured on the J_pg (blue) plate.

Fpg_Mag_Axial_Ratio
The ratio of the minor axis to the major axis of the Markarian object as measured on the F_pg (red) plate.

Jpg_Mag
The apparent isophotal J_pg (blue) band magnitude of the Markarian object.

Fpg_Mag
The apparent isophotal F_pg (red) band magnitude of the Markarian object.

Reddening
The E(B - V) galactic color excess at the position of the Markarian object from the HYPERLEDA database, and calculated according to the Schlegel et al. (1998, ApJ, 500, 525) maps.

Jpg_Mag_Position_Angle
The position angle PA of the Markarian object as measured in the J_pg band, in degrees. It is measured from north (P.A. = 0 degrees) toward east between 0 and 180 degrees. For circular galaxies with axial ratios in the J_pg band of 1.00, the position angles were not measured.

Fpg_Mag_Position_Angle
The position angle PA of the Markarian object as measured in the F_pg band, in degrees. It is measured from north (P.A. = 0 degrees) toward east between 0 and 180 degrees. For circular galaxies with axial ratios in the F_pg band of 1.00, the position angles were not measured.

Num_Gals_50kpc
The number of galaxies N detected within a 50 kpc projected radius of the Markarian object. This parameter is left blank (and the associated value of num_gals_50kpc_flag set to 'd') for Markarian galaxies with redshifts smaller than 0.005 for which neighbor counts were not performed.

Num_Gals_50kpc_Flag
This flag parameter is set to 'd' for Markarian galaxies with redshifts smaller than 0.005 for which neighbor counts were not performed.

Jmag
The near-IR J-band magnitude of the Markarian object. The authors provide near-IR J, H, and K magnitudes for 1384 Markarian galaxies. For 1372 galaxies 2MASS (e.g., Jarrett et al. 2000, AJ, 119, 2498) total J, H, and K magnitudes are listed. For 12 Markarian galaxies, 2MASS observations are absent and for these galaxies J, or J and K magnitudes are from DENIS observations (Paturel et al. 2005, A&A, 430, 751). These 12 galaxies are Mrk 616, 902, 964, 981, 1059, 1154, 1188, 1256, 1309, 1382, 1394 and 1504.

Hmag
The near-IR H-band magnitude of the Markarian object. The authors provide near-IR J, H, and K magnitudes for 1384 Markarian galaxies. For 1372 galaxies 2MASS (e.g., Jarrett et al. 2000, AJ, 119, 2498) total J, H, and K magnitudes are listed. For 12 Markarian galaxies, 2MASS observations are absent and for these galaxies J, or J and K magnitudes are from DENIS observations (Paturel et al. 2005, A&A, 430, 751). These 12 galaxies are Mrk 616, 902, 964, 981, 1059, 1154, 1188, 1256, 1309, 1382, 1394 and 1504.

Kmag
The near-IR K-band magnitude of the Markarian object. The authors provide near-IR J, H, and K magnitudes for 1384 Markarian galaxies. For 1372 galaxies 2MASS (e.g., Jarrett et al. 2000, AJ, 119, 2498) total J, H, and K magnitudes are listed. For 12 Markarian galaxies, 2MASS observations are absent and for these galaxies J, or J and K magnitudes are from DENIS observations (Paturel et al. 2005, A&A, 430, 751). These 12 galaxies are Mrk 616, 902, 964, 981, 1059, 1154, 1188, 1256, 1309, 1382, 1394 and 1504.

Source_Notes
This parameter contains additional notes about the Markarian object, including codes for the references. The key to these reference codes is available at https://cdsarc.cds.unistra.fr/ftp/cats/J/ApJS/170/33/refs.dat.

Class
The HEASARC Browse object classification, based on the value of the galaxy_type parameter.

Contact Person

Questions regarding the MARKARIAN2 database table can be addressed to the HEASARC Help Desk.

Page Author: Browse Software Development Team
Last Modified: Monday, 16-Sep-2024 17:30:54 EDT