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npshock, vnpshock, vvnpshock, bnpshock, bvnpshock, bvvnpshock: shocked plasma, plane parallel, separate ion, electron temperatures

Plane-parallel shock plasma model with separate ion and electron temperatures. This model is slow. par1 provides a measure of the average energy per particle (ions+electrons) and is constant throughout the postshock flow in plane shock models (Borkowski et al., 2001). par2 should always be less than par1. If par2 exceeds par1 then their interpretations are switched (ie the larger of par1 and par2 is always the mean temperature). Additional references can be found under the help for the equil model. Several versions are available. To switch between them use the xset neivers command. The versions available are:

1.0 the version from xspec v11.1
1.1 as 1.0 but with updated ionization fractions using dielectronic recombination rates from Mazzotta et al (1998)
2.0 same ionization fractions as 1.1 but uses AtomDB v2 to calculate the resulting spectrum
3.x ionization fractions and spectrum calculation uses AtomDB v3.x

Note that versions 1.x have no emission from Ar. For versions 3.x and later additional xset options are available and are listed under the documentation for nei.

For the npshock model the parameters are:

par1 Mean shock temperature (keV)
par2 Electron temperature immediately behind the shock front (keV)
par3 Metal abundances (He fixed at that defined by the abund command). The elements included are C, N, O, Ne, Mg, Si, S, Ar, Ca, Fe, Ni. Abundances are defined by the abund command
par4 Lower limit on ionization timescale in units of s/cm$^3$.
par5 Upper limit on ionization timescale in units of s/cm$^3$.
par6 redshift
norm ${10^{-14}\over{4\pi[D_A(1+z)]^2}}\int n_en_HdV$, where $D_A$ is the angular diameter distance to the source (cm), $dV$ is the volume element (cm$^3$), and $n_e$ and $n_H$ are the electron and H densities (cm$^{-3}$), respectively

For the vnpshock model, the parameters are:

par1 Mean shock temperature (keV)
par2 Electron temperature immediately behind the shock front (keV)
par3 H abundance (set to 0 for no free-free continuum, otherwise 1)
par4–par15 Abundances for He, C, N, O, Ne, Mg, Si, S, Ar, Ca, Fe, Ni wrt Solar (defined by the abund command)
par16 Lower limit on ionization timescale in units of s/cm$^3$.
par17 Upper limit on ionization timescale in units of s/cm$^3$.
par18 Redshift, z
norm ${10^{-14}\over{4\pi[D_A(1+z)]^2}}\int n_en_HdV$, where $D_A$ is the angular diameter distance to the source (cm), $dV$ is the volume element (cm$^3$), and $n_e$ and $n_H$ are the electron and H densities (cm$^{-3}$), respectively

For the vvnpshock model, the parameters are:

par1 Mean shock temperature (keV)
par2 Electron temperature immediately behind the shock front (keV)
par3 H abundance (set to 0 for no free-free continuum, otherwise 1)
par4–par32 Abundances for all elements with 2 $\leq$ Z $\leq$ 30 wrt Solar (defined by the abund command)
par33 Lower limit on ionization timescale in units of s/cm$^3$.
par34 Upper limit on ionization timescale in units of s/cm$^3$.
par35 Redshift, z
norm ${10^{-14}\over{4\pi[D_A(1+z)]^2}}\int n_en_HdV$, where $D_A$ is the angular diameter distance to the source (cm), $dV$ is the volume element (cm$^3$), and $n_e$ and $n_H$ are the electron and H densities (cm$^{-3}$), respectively

For the bnpshock model, the parameters are:

par1 Mean shock temperature (keV)
par2 Electron temperature immediately behind the shock front (keV)
par3 Metal abundances (He fixed at that defined by the abund command). The elements included are C, N, O, Ne, Mg, Si, S, Ar, Ca, Fe, Ni. Abundances are defined by the abund command
par4 Lower limit on ionization timescale in units of s/cm$^3$.
par5 Upper limit on ionization timescale in units of s/cm$^3$.
par6 redshift
par7 gaussian velocity broadening (sigma in km/s)
norm ${10^{-14}\over{4\pi[D_A(1+z)]^2}}\int n_en_HdV$, where $D_A$ is the angular diameter distance to the source (cm), $dV$ is the volume element (cm$^3$), and $n_e$ and $n_H$ are the electron and H densities (cm$^{-3}$), respectively

For the bvnpshock model, the parameters are:

par1 Mean shock temperature (keV)
par2 Electron temperature immediately behind the shock front (keV)
par3 H abundance (set to 0 for no free-free continuum, otherwise 1)
par4–par15 Abundances for He, C, N, O, Ne, Mg, Si, S, Ar, Ca, Fe, Ni wrt Solar (defined by the abund command)
par16 Lower limit on ionization timescale in units of s/cm$^3$.
par17 Upper limit on ionization timescale in units of s/cm$^3$.
par18 Redshift, z
par19 gaussian velocity broadening (sigma in km/s)
norm ${10^{-14}\over{4\pi[D_A(1+z)]^2}}\int n_en_HdV$, where $D_A$ is the angular diameter distance to the source (cm), $dV$ is the volume element (cm$^3$), and $n_e$ and $n_H$ are the electron and H densities (cm$^{-3}$), respectively

Finally, for the bvvnpshock model, the parameters are:

par1 Mean shock temperature (keV)
par2 Electron temperature immediately behind the shock front (keV)
par3 H abundance (set to 0 for no free-free continuum, otherwise 1)
par4–par32 Abundances for all elements with 2 $\leq$ Z $\leq$ 30 wrt Solar (defined by the abund command)
par33 Lower limit on ionization timescale in units of s/cm$^3$.
par34 Upper limit on ionization timescale in units of s/cm$^3$.
par35 Redshift, z
par36 gaussian velocity broadening (sigma in km/s)
norm ${10^{-14}\over{4\pi[D_A(1+z)]^2}}\int n_en_HdV$, where $D_A$ is the angular diameter distance to the source (cm), $dV$ is the volume element (cm$^3$), and $n_e$ and $n_H$ are the electron and H densities (cm$^{-3}$), respectively

next up previous contents
Next: nsa: neutron star atmosphere Up: Additive Model Components Previous: nlapec: continuum-only APEC emission   Contents